Mermaids of Brighton (1829)
Formidable women known as "Dippers," introduce female bathers to the wonders of the sea.
In this 1829 illustration, formidable women known as “dippers,” introduce female bathers to the wonders of the sea.
A “Bathing Machine” was a wooden hut on wheels which was used to help people participate in the activity of sea bathing. It had a door at each end and was pulled into the sea by a horse until the water was level with the floor. The steps at the seaward end allowed the bather to carefully enter the water.
As the machines were operated by an attendant they provided safety to the bathers and also preserved the modesty of the fairer sex who could get changed inside away from prying eyes. Some machines were fitted with canopies to provide a private enclosed space so that the bather was completely hidden from view whilst undertaking the act of immersion. (See bathing machine in background)
This "British delicacy" did not allow for free swims once women were in the water. The guides - sturdy local women known as "dippers” - would tilt the women into incoming waves, or on still days, push their heads underwater so that they might enjoy the full benefit of a seaside excursion.
Artist: Heath, William, 1795-1840.
Women swimming in the sea at Brighton. Coloured etching by W. Heath.. Credit: Wellcome Collection.